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\"\"<\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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\n\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u8eab\u5fc3\u7075\u7684\u6574\u5408\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u4e60\u600e\u4e48\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u6211\u60f3\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\uff0c\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5f00\u62d3\u4e86\u8de8\u9886\u57df\u7684\u89c6\u91ce\uff0c\u795e\u5b66\u548c\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5f88\u5bc6\u5207\uff0c\u5728\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u88c5\u5907\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u4f1a\u63a8\u52a8\u6211\u4eec\u53bb\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e76\u5e26\u9886\u6211\u4eec\u53bb\u63a2\u7d22\u795e\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e4b\u5916\u66f4\u5bbd\u5e7f\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u6c42\u5b66\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u54ea\u4e00\u4f4d\/\u51e0\u4f4d\u8001\u5e08\u5bf9\u4f60\u6709\u6bd4\u8f83\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff1f<\/strong>
\n\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u8001\u5e08\u7ed9\u4e86\u6211\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u542f\u53d1\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u662f\u90ed\u6c49\u6210\u7267\u5e08\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u6559\u5bfc\u5f88\u591a\u65f6\u5019\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e66\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\uff0c\u4e0a\u4ed6\u7684\u8bfe\u53ef\u4ee5\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u4ed6\u7684\u535a\u5b66\u4e0e\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u6279\u5224\u3002\u4ed6\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u4e2a\u7267\u8005\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e2a\u65b0\u7ea6\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6216\u8bb8\u8ddf\u4ed6\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u80cc\u666f\u548c\u88c5\u5907\u6709\u5173\u3002\u6211\u4e5f\u60f3\u50cf\u4ed6\u90a3\u6837\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6d1e\u89c1\uff0c\u6709\u6279\u5224\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u80fd\u505c\u7559\u5728\u8fd9\u56db\u5e74\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u4fee\uff0c\u5ff5\u535a\u58eb\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u90ed\u6c49\u6210\u7267\u5e08\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5df2\u6545\u9ec4\u8fea\u534e\u7267\u5e08\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5218\u806a\u8d50\u8001\u5e08\u3001\u5434\u6167\u82ac\u8001\u5e08\u3001\u5f20\u4fca\u660e\u8001\u5e08\uff0c\u4e0a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8bfe\u53ef\u4ee5\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u90a3\u79cd\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6c1b\u56f4\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u80fd\u591f\u5bf9\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u7ed9\u4e0e\u5f88\u6709\u6c34\u51c6\u7684\u56de\u5e94\u3002\u8fd9\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u56db\u5e74\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u9636\u6bb5\u5c31\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u201c\u529f\u529b\u201d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8001\u5e08\u4eec\u7ed9\u6211\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u53cd\u601d\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u5e94\u8be5\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u4fee\u3002\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u6211\u5f88\u786e\u5b9a\u8981\u8fdb\u4fee\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u662f\u5df2\u6545\u9ec4\u8fea\u534e\u7267\u5e08\u9f13\u52b1\u6211\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u6211\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u6559\u7267\u5c0f\u7ec4\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u6b21\u89c1\u4ed6\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u6211\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\u4ed6\u8ddf\u6211\u8bf4\u4e86\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\uff0c\u201c\u7267\u4f1a\u662f\u4e00\u751f\u4eba\u7684\uff0c\u8bfb\u4e66\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u4e03\u516b\u5e74\u201d\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u6211\u4e0e\u5176\u90a3\u4e48\u5feb\u5c31\u8fdb\u5165\u7267\u4f1a\u7684\u751f\u6daf\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u597d\u597d\u5730\u8d81\u5e74\u8f7b\uff0c\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53bb\u8bfb\u4e66\u3002\u4ed6\u770b\u5230\u6211\u7684\u5199\u4f5c\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u53d1\u8868\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6211\u662f\u9884\u5907\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9f13\u52b1\u6211\u5b8c\u6210\u56db\u5e74\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u540e\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u4fee\u7855\u58eb\u3002<\/p>\n

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\n\u5df2\u6545\u9ec4\u8fea\u534e\u7267\u5e08\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba4\u771f\u4ea4\u5fc3\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea4\u8c08\u53ea\u6709\u4e09\u5341\u5206\u949f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u4f1a\u5168\u5fc3\u7684\u7ed9\u51fa\u90a3\u4e09\u5341\u5206\u949f\uff0c\u5bf9\u773c\u524d\u7684\u4eba\u8ba4\u771f\u505a\u51fa\u56de\u5e94\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7267\u8005\uff0c\u6211\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u9f13\u52b1\u6211\u8e0f\u5165\u7267\u804c\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u6b21\u8ddf\u4ed6\u8c08\u8bdd\uff0c\u4ed6\u5374\u8868\u793a\u7267\u804c\u4e00\u751f\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u505a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u88c5\u5907\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u6210\u4e3a\u7267\u8005\u540e\u5c31\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u3002\u4ed6\u8fd9\u756a\u8bdd\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u6211\u6765\u8bf4\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u7267\u8005\u4e00\u6982\u800c\u8bba\u3002\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u4ece\u4ed6\u90a3\u91cc\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u80af\u5b9a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u7267\u8005\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u662f\u536b\u7406\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u4f7c\u4f7c\u8005\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5c31\u51b3\u5b9a\u7ee7\u7eed\u88c5\u5907\uff0c\u8fdb\u4fee\u7855\u58eb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u9009\u62e9\u5230\u5370\u5c3c\u4fee\u8bfb\u548c\u5e73\u5b66\u7855\u58eb\uff0c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4fc3\u4f7f\u4f60\u8fdb\u4fee\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\uff1f<\/strong>
\n\u6211<\/strong>\u5728\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u5ff5\u4e66\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u5bf9\u516c\u5171\u8bae\u9898\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u7684\u4e13\u6587\u65e0\u8bba\u4ec0\u4e48\u79d1\u76ee\uff0c\u6211\u6700\u540e\u90fd\u4f1a\u56de\u5230\u516c\u5171\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b97\u6559\u3001\u79cd\u65cf\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u505a\u51fa\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u60f3\u8981\u5728\u7855\u58eb\u9636\u6bb5\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u53bb\u7814\u7a76\u516c\u5171\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u8fd8\u6ca1\u51b3\u5b9a\u8981\u5ff5\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u6216\u8981\u53bb\u54ea\u91cc\u5ff5\uff0c\u662f\u5df2\u6545\u9ec4\u8fea\u534e\u7267\u5e08\u9f13\u52b1\u6211\uff0c\u4ed6\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u521a\u4ece\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9aWacana\u5927\u5b66\u56de\u6765\uff0c\u5c31\u8ddf\u6211\u5206\u4eab\u4e86\u8fd9\u6240\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u5b66\u4f4d\u53d7\u5230\u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a\u795e\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u534f\u4f1a\uff08ATESEA\uff09\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u5b66\u672f\u6c34\u5e73\u826f\u597d\uff0c\u5b66\u8d39\u4e5f\u5408\u7406\u3002\u4ed6\u8868\u793a\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u7684\u5904\u5883\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u4e3a\u591a\u6570\u3001\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4e3a\u5c11\u6570\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u90fd\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e0e\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u5b66\u672f\u4e0a\u6bd4\u8f83\u524d\u6cbf\uff0c\u95ee\u6211\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u60f3\u8981\u53bb\u90a3\u8fb9\u53d6\u7ecf\u3002\u8fd9\u6240\u5927\u5b66\u53ea\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b66\u4f4d\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u795e\u5b66\u7855\u58eb\uff0c\u8d70\u5723\u7ecf\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u5b9e\u8df5\u795e\u5b66\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f\u548c\u5e73\u4e0e\u51b2\u7a81\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u548c\u5e73\u4e0e\u51b2\u7a81\u7814\u7a76\u5f88\u7279\u522b\uff0c\u79d1\u76ee\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u662f\u8ddf\u516c\u5171\u8bae\u9898\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u4e09\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u6211\u5c31\u51b3\u5b9a\u8fdb\u4fee\u8fd9\u4e2a\u3002\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u5176\u5b9e\u8fd8\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u660e\u767d\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5b66\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u5165\u8bfb\u540e\u624d\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u548c\u5e73\u4e0e\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u5b66\u7406\uff0c\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u795e\u5b66\u3001\u6570\u5b66\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u3002\u8fd9\u95e8\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u53d1\u8d77\u4eba\u662f\u4e2a\u632a\u5a01\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6Johan Galtung\uff0c\u4ed6\u7528\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u6982\u5ff5\u53bb\u7814\u7a76\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u4e0e\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u91c7\u7eb3\u5b97\u6559\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u8bba\u8ff0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f46\u5374\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u3002\u8fd9\u5957\u5b66\u7406\u6765\u5230\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5c31\u88ab\u795e\u5b66\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u91c7\u7eb3\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u9ad8\u6821\u5728\u4eba\u6587\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8bfe\uff0c\u5728\u82f1\u7f8e\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u4e5f\u7eb3\u5165\u4e86\u8fd9\u5957\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u5b66\u9664\u4e86\u8ddf\u795e\u5b66\u53d1\u751f\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u4e5f\u56de\u5e94\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\u7684\u5904\u5883\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b66\u7406\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e86\u6211\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u548c\u5e73\u548c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u53bb\u5256\u6790\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u53bb\u5316\u89e3\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f60\u7684\u7855\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u7814\u7a76\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u51b2\u7a81\u8f6c\u5316\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u8fdb\u8def\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u8bf7\u4f60\u5206\u4eab\u8fd9\u4efd\u7814\u7a76\u7b80\u8981\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff1f<\/strong>
\n\u6211\u7684\u7855\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u63f4\u5f15\u4e86Johan Galtung\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u4e0e\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u6240\u63d0\u5021\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u8fdb\u8def\u3002\u9996\u5148\u6211\u5f97\u51fa\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u6709\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u6587\u5316\u6027(Culture & structure)\u7684\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u95f4\u63a5\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u66b4\u529b\u5728\u548c\u5e73\u5b66\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u662f\u6307\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u3001\u51b2\u7a81\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u4e94\u4e00\u4e09\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e0d\u7b97\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u80cc\u540e\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u4e0d\u7b97\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u540e\u51b2\u7a81\u56fd\u5bb6(Post-Conflict state)\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u8fc7\u79cd\u65cf\u5927\u6e05\u6d17\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u6ca1\u6709\u66b4\u529b\u3002\u6211\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\u53bb\u5206\u6790\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u4e0e\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5728\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u56e0\u7d20\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u76f4\u63a5\u66b4\u529b\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u51fa\u600e\u6837\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\uff1f\u5728John Galtung\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u66b4\u529b\u662f\u8981\u91c7\u53d6\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684Peace-making\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e26\u6765\u77ed\u671f\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c31\u662fPeace-keeping\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u5730\u53bb\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u662fpeace-building\uff0c\u662f\u957f\u671f\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u8fdb\u8def\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53bb\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u4e3e\u52a8\u3002\u6309\u7167\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u9700\u8981\u7684\u662fpeace-building\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u6211\u5728\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u53bb\u8bba\u8ff0\u7684\u3002\u6211\u91c7\u7528\u4e86John Paul Lederach\u51b2\u7a81\u8f6c\u5316\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u7fa4\u4f53\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u8fd0\u7528\u4e86\u666e\u4e16\u6559\u4f1a\u5408\u4e00\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u8ba9\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6392\u4ed6\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\u3001\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u5305\u5bb9\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5f88\u7ec8\u672b\u6027\uff0c\u5f88\u5b9e\u8df5\u6027\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u6700\u540e\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6309\u7167Lederach\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u6709\u56db\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u3001\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u5c31\u662f\u63d0\u51fa\u4ece\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u6765\u505a\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u3002\u8bba\u6587\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u505a\u548c\u5e73\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u505a\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u8f6c\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f60\u5373\u5c06\u8fdc\u8d74\u82f1\u56fd\u4fee\u8bfb\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u53ef\u5426\u8c08\u8c08\u7559\u5b66\u8ba1\u5212\uff1f<\/strong>
\n\u6211\u4e0d\u66fe\u60f3\u8fc7\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u5ff5\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u539f\u672c\u7684\u6253\u7b97\u662f\u5ff5\u5b8c\u7855\u58eb\u5373\u6295\u5165\u4e8b\u5949\u5c97\u4f4d\uff0c\u62c5\u4efb\u7267\u804c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5df2\u6545\u9ec4\u8fea\u534e\u7267\u5e08\u9f13\u52b1\u6211\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u4fee\u3002\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8fdb\u4fee\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u9ec4\u8fea\u534e\u7267\u5e08\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u82f1\u56fdWesley House\u7684\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\u8d44\u6599\u7ed9\u6211\uff0c\u5927\u5b66\u4f4d\u4e8eCambridge\u7684Anglia Ruskin University\uff0c\u4ed6\u9f13\u52b1\u6211\u53bb\u7533\u8bf7\u8fd9\u9879\u535a\u58eb\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\u548c\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002\u7533\u8bf7\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u975e\u5e38\u987a\u5229\uff0c\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u6536\u5230\u9762\u8bd5\u673a\u4f1a\u53ca\u88ab\u5f55\u53d6\u4e86\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u53bb\u82f1\u56fd\u5ff5\u4e66\u662f\u5f88\u5962\u4f88\u7684\uff0c\u5c45\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u6240\u9881\u6388\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u662f\u7b26\u5408\u6211\u60f3\u8981\u8fdb\u4fee\u7684\u516c\u5171\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u5176\u5b9e\u7855\u58eb\u8fd8\u672a\u6bd5\u4e1a\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u5f88\u5766\u767d\u544a\u77e5\uff0c\u5927\u5b66\u4e0e\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\u5355\u4f4d\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u5b66\u989d\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u524d\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u624d\u7ee7\u7eed\u7533\u8bf7\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5199\u597d\u535a\u58eb\u7814\u7a76\u8ba1\u5212\u4e66\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u7533\u8bf7\u7b7e\u8bc1\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u5c06\u4f1a\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u793e\u4f1a\u4f26\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u548c\u5e73\u5b66\uff0c\u4ee5\u7ea6\u7ff0\u536b\u65af\u7406\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u89c2\uff0c\u5448\u73b0\u536b\u65af\u7406\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u516c\u5171\u9762\u5411\uff0c\u4e0e\u548c\u5e73\u5b66\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u53ef\u4ee5\u56de\u9988\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u536b\u7406\u516c\u4f1a\u7fa4\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u672a\u6765\u7684\u4e8b\u5949\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u6709\u7740\u54ea\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\uff1f<\/strong>
\n\u5e0c\u671b\u4ee5\u536b\u65af\u7406\u4e3a\u699c\u6837\uff0c\u5f53\u4e00\u4f4d\u7267\u8005\u3001\u4e5f\u5f53\u4e00\u4f4d\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u56de\u9988\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u795e\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bdd\u60f3\u5bf9\u6b63\u5728\u5ff5\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u5b66\u5f1f\u59b9\u8bf4\u7684\u5417\uff1f<\/strong>
\n\u5e26\u7740\u4e00\u9897\u88c5\u5907\u7684\u5fc3\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u8c26\u5351\uff0c\u4eab\u53d7\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u627f\u8ba4\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6709\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u5c3d\u91cf\u9605\u8bfb\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fd8\u4e8b\u5949\u7684\u521d\u8877\u3002\u5efa\u7acb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7267\u4f1a\u89c2\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u81ea\u5df1\u559c\u6b22\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7167\u642c\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u5957\u3002<\/p>\n

\/\u91c7\u8bbf\u3001\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1a\u66fe\u6bc5\u575a<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u80fd\u5426\u8c08\u8c08\u4f60\u7684\u6210\u957f\u80cc\u666f\u4e0e\u4fe1\u4e3b\u7ecf\u5386\uff1f 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Galtung\uff0c\u4ed6\u7528\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u6982\u5ff5\u53bb\u7814\u7a76\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u4e0e\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u91c7\u7eb3\u5b97\u6559\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u8bba\u8ff0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f46\u5374\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u3002\u8fd9\u5957\u5b66\u7406\u6765\u5230\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5c31\u88ab\u795e\u5b66\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u91c7\u7eb3\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u9ad8\u6821\u5728\u4eba\u6587\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8bfe\uff0c\u5728\u82f1\u7f8e\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u795e\u5b66\u9662\u4e5f\u7eb3\u5165\u4e86\u8fd9\u5957\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u5b66\u9664\u4e86\u8ddf\u795e\u5b66\u53d1\u751f\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u4e5f\u56de\u5e94\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\u7684\u5904\u5883\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b66\u7406\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e86\u6211\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u548c\u5e73\u548c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u53bb\u5256\u6790\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u53bb\u5316\u89e3\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u3002 \u4f60\u7684\u7855\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u7814\u7a76\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u51b2\u7a81\u8f6c\u5316\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u8fdb\u8def\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u8bf7\u4f60\u5206\u4eab\u8fd9\u4efd\u7814\u7a76\u7b80\u8981\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff1f \u6211\u7684\u7855\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u63f4\u5f15\u4e86Johan Galtung\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u4e0e\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u6240\u63d0\u5021\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u8fdb\u8def\u3002\u9996\u5148\u6211\u5f97\u51fa\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u6709\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u6587\u5316\u6027(Culture & structure)\u7684\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u95f4\u63a5\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u66b4\u529b\u5728\u548c\u5e73\u5b66\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u662f\u6307\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u3001\u51b2\u7a81\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u4e94\u4e00\u4e09\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e0d\u7b97\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u80cc\u540e\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u4e0d\u7b97\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u540e\u51b2\u7a81\u56fd\u5bb6(Post-Conflict state)\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u8fc7\u79cd\u65cf\u5927\u6e05\u6d17\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u6ca1\u6709\u66b4\u529b\u3002\u6211\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\u53bb\u5206\u6790\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u4e0e\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5728\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u56e0\u7d20\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u76f4\u63a5\u66b4\u529b\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u51fa\u600e\u6837\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\uff1f\u5728John 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Lederach\u51b2\u7a81\u8f6c\u5316\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u7fa4\u4f53\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u8fd0\u7528\u4e86\u666e\u4e16\u6559\u4f1a\u5408\u4e00\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u8ba9\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6392\u4ed6\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\u3001\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u5305\u5bb9\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5f88\u7ec8\u672b\u6027\uff0c\u5f88\u5b9e\u8df5\u6027\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u6700\u540e\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6309\u7167Lederach\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u6709\u56db\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u3001\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u5c31\u662f\u63d0\u51fa\u4ece\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u6765\u505a\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u3002\u8bba\u6587\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u505a\u548c\u5e73\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u505a\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u8f6c\u5316\u3002 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