Berita STM 2024 September Issue
BERITA STM SEPT 2024 1st Oct...
培养“跨族群友谊”的公共生活
张俊明牧师(博士)(学生事务主任) 引言 马国的族群问题虽未到彼此仇视,但却是处在彼此分离的关系中。我们要问:族群分离是如何形成?基督徒可如何回应? 一、把脉:马国族群关系的历史起因 这可追朔到英国殖民政府在马来半岛采取“分而治之”的统治。为了开垦的需要,英人引入大量劳工(主要来自中国和印度),并以族群决定所从事的领域。如:印度人以割胶为主、华人负责采矿、马来人则负责捕鱼和种稻。这种政策将各族群被置于一种彼此疏远和隔绝的状态。独立期间,政党也以族群划分,以种族利益为诉求。再来,1970年后一系列的新经济政策(NEP),使得非马来人因被忽视而对马来人感到不满;更糟的是国家干训局 (Biro Tata Negara) 长期向马来大学生和公务员传播仇视他族的思想,使得体制内的马来人被种族主义所渗透。 二、抓药:应对族群分离之道 我们要如何回应这社会议题?或许这需要谈论基督徒的“公共生活”,并以建立跨族群的友谊作为的社会参与。 (一)建立跨族群友谊 友谊是一种特别的情感,可在非血缘性和非本能中生出一份惺惺相惜、肝胆相照的兄弟情!友谊不但能减缓张力与冲突,也是化解争端的良药。如何建立友谊?友谊总是在社群生活中感情被建立起来。在社群中的好行为(倾听、关爱、拜访或服务)能够赢得友谊。没有与其它种族的族群生活就不会有跨族群的友谊。 (二)投入让陌生人成为朋友的“公共生活” 参与公共并不一定是投入政党的活动。参与跨社群的生活即是一种公共生活。容纳他者在场的生活即是公共生活。若说私人生活是指向亲密和隐私的生活,而公共生活就是让陌生人加入的生活。对基督徒而言,公共生活的要旨是以“款待”(Hospitality)、欢迎他者的生活。圣经中“款待”的意涵是对陌生人的爱(love for strangers)。神呼召祂的子民要款待陌生人——包括孤儿、寄居者、穷人、寡妇等(申 10:18-19)。 总结: 公共生活可被视为一种灵性操练。正如巴默尔(Parker J. Palmer)所言:公共生活是灵性经验的舞台:上帝在这环境中向我们说话,形塑我们的心灵,这是在私人领域中无法经验的。缺乏公共经验,意味我们无法在生活中经历上帝话语的完满丰盛。[1] 马国教会应恢复“款待”美好的职事——培养“跨族群友谊”的公共生活,以此作为基督徒回应族群分离的信仰(公共)见证。 [1] 巴默尔(Parker J. Palmer):《公共与教会》(中译;台北:校园),页56。...
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